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It was not until 1716, again motivated by concerns of French encroachment, that the Spanish
government decided to attempt another entrada to eastern Texas. Captain Domingo Ramon, along with Fray Isidro
Felis de Espinosa, reestablished Mission Tejas and founded three new missions: Nuestra Señora de la
Púrisma Concepción, Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe and San José de los Nazones.
Within the year, Fray Antonio Margil also founded Nuestra Señora de los Dolores de los Ais and San
Miguel de Linares de los Adaes. Although the hostilities between Spain and France forced the missionaries
to evacuate eastern Texas between 1719 and 1721, they returned to the area under the escort of the Marquis
de Aguayo. Aguayo reestablished the six missions and two presidios that protected the eastern province.
Although the westernmost presidio and missions were abandoned after 20 years, presidio de los Adaes and the
remaining missions survived on the borderland frontier until the New Regulations ordered the abandonment of
eastern Texas in 1773. Although the Spanish would reoccupy eastern Texas by 1780, it would be on different
terms. Rather that a state-supported, Church-sanctioned endeavor, the people who returned to Nacogdoches in
1779 did so because it was their home. (“Chroniclers of the Borderlands,” the Stone Fort Museum)
- 1721 Marqués San Miguel de Aguayo, the Governor of Coahuila and Texas, sets out with men and livestock to Texas; this is the beginning of Spanish ranching.
- 1773 The Governor of Texas, Baron Juan María de Ripperdá closes all eastern Texas missions and removes the entire Spanish population. The capitol is moved from Los Adaes to San Antonio.
- 1774 San Antonio refugees resettle eastern Texas at the settlement of Bucareli.
- 1779 The population of the Bucareli settlement move to Nacogdoches.
- 1793 Founding of Mission Nuestra Señora del Rufugio the last of the Texas missions.
Ramón, Diego in The Handbook of Texas
Espinosa, Isidro Félix De in The Handbook of Texas
Margil De Jesús, Antonio in The Handbook of Texas
Aguayo, Marqués De San Miguel De in The Handbook of Texas
Presidios in The Handbook of Texas
Spanish Missions in The Handbook of Texas
New Regulations for Presidios in The Handbook of Texas
Ranching in Spanish Texas in The Handbook of Texas
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